105 results
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Split Brain Experiments
Split brain experiments involve studying rare participants who have severed connections between hemispheres via the corpus callosum. Roger Sperry (Another Nobel Prize winner, Beran wins the day!) was the first to study these patients (later -
Hot hand fallacy
This fallacy is about belief in future outcomes based on past outcomes, where a performer who has just done well (made many putts in a row, or free throws, or hit three home runs in -
Consciousness and Solipsism
Consciousness is a state where objects (mental or otherwise) are conscious. I am conscious. I believe this is true because the experience of consciousness is one that I an conscious of. In other words, I -
Anthropomorphism
Anthropomorphism occurs when human-like qualities are ascribed to nonhuman animals, objects, etc. In terms of psychological research, studies involving animals must avoid assumptions of cognitions and behaviors in animals based on a perceived similarity -
93. Familiarity vs Recollection; Remember/Know paradigm
Tying together posts like levels of processing, semantic vs episodic memory, signal detection and forgetting, the remember/know paradigm has been used to make distinctions between events that we recollect versus those that seem familiar -
Hindsight bias/ Knew-it-all-along effect
The hindsight bias occurs when we tend to overestimate the probability of an event after it has occurred. Because of this, it is also referred to as the “knew-it-all-along effect.” Despite not -
Word Effects
Different factors influence how we understand the meaning of words and how we attend and remember them. For example, the relative usage of words in a particular language affects how quickly we can read and -
Agency
Agency is defined as having a sense of control, in other words the awareness that you are controlling your own actions. Agency can be implicit or explicit and refer to the execution of physical movements -
Embodied or Grounded Cognition
Overly wordy placeholder for Holly, who will flesh this out herself asap: Three of the big names in cognitive psychology are associated with the theory that cognition is embodied, or based in physical experience. Eleanor -
35. Rosch and Prototypicality
To follow up on the categorization post a bit… Eleanor Rosch conducted a series of studies initially investigating the structure of color categories (i.e., are certain colors better examples of a particular color category -
Framing Effects
Framing effects occur when the way in which a decision is presented impacts the response made. For example, when a decision is portrayed as having potential for gains (i.e. currency, etc), people are more -
Object Permanence
As mentioned in an earlier post on Piaget’s 4 stages of Cognitive Developments, Piaget also outlined 6 stages within the sensorimotor stage, in which human infants become aware that objects continue to exist even -
Psychophysics
Psychophysics refers to the relation between physical stimuli and their corresponding sensations and perceptions. Psychophysics are used to measure the limits of human perception, and to observe cognitive states when those limits are approached. Related -
Ape (and other animals) Language Studies
I think all cognitive psychologists should know about the major ape language studies, including work with Washoe, Nim, Chantek, Sarah, Lana, Sherman& Austin, Kanzi, Ai, Panzee and Panbanisha, Alex, Ake, and others. Cognitive psychology in -
Mirror self-recognition
Mirror self-recognition (MSR) is defined as being able to recognize one’s self in a mirror, as opposed to thinking the image is another individual. Tests of MSR are used to study whether an -
Yerkes-Dodson Law
The Yerkes-Dodson law, as most often characterized, dictates that the relationship of arousal to performance resembles a bell curve. Performance improves as arousal increases, but there is a tipping point at which increased arousal -
Theory of Mind
Theory of Mind refers to the understanding that one has thoughts, feelings, beliefs, and desires and that these mental states in others often differ from oneself. Theory of mind has been studied extensively in children -
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
TMS involves temporarily applying a pulsating magnetic field to a particular area of the brain in order to interfere with brain functioning of that particular area. Using this method, researchers can test which behaviors may -
Max Wertheimer / Productive thinking / Phi phenomenon
Placeholder for Molly, who will edit this when she gets somewhere with internet. The Phi phenomenon is one of dozens of perceptual illusions (instances in which what is perceived is different from what is sensed -
77. Counterfactual thinking
Counterfactual thinking, or "what if" thinking, is our ability to formulate alternative scenarios to events that have already occurred. For example, one might say "if only I hadn't overslept, I wouldn't have missed -
Herbert Simon
Herbert Simon is considered one of the founders of behavioral economics, computer science, and artificial intelligence. His contributions to those fields, and cognitive psychology, were numerous. For example, he engaged in debate with Ulric Neisser -
Feature Integration Theory and Illusory Conjunctions (Treisman)
The late Anne Treisman studied attention and its role in perception for 60 years. Molly mentioned some of this work in'Thing#10' (cocktail party phenomenon, dichotic listening) and Treisman's view that attention works -
DRM paradigm
The Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm is used to study false memory in humans, for which details, words, or events that were never experienced are falsely remembered as having occurred. Roediger and McDermott (1995) found that -
Karl Lashley – Law of Mass Action/Law of Equipotentiality
Karl Lashley was a behaviorist well known for his study of functional specialization of cortical areas and their importance in learning and memory. He contributed to two major principles: the law of mass action and -
Hebbian Learning
Hebb's rule is commonly summarized as "cells that fire together wire together." More specifically, Hebb's rule suggests that simultaneuos activation of neurons increases the bond between cells. The adage provides a neurological account
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The Terraria Wiki is a comprehensive resource containing information about all versions of Re-Logic's action-adventure sandbox game, Terraria.